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human bioaccessibility of trace contaminants in size-fractionated red mud, derived precipitates and geopolymericblocks

Chunfeng Wang, Yanchen Zhu, Dan Yao, Guanfei Chen, Lianjun Wang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0956-0

Abstract: provide insight into human exposure to trace contaminants bearing red mud, derived precipitates and geopolymericblocks due to inhalation contact and/or hand-to-mouth ingestion.short-term and long-term leaching values of trace contaminants were relatively lower in the prepared geopolymericblocks, the health risk could be significantly higher due to the more pronounced bioaccessibility characteristics

Keywords： Bioaccessibility     Trace contaminants     Red mud     Precipitates     Geopolymeric blocks.    

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A continuous/discontinuous deformation analysis (CDDA) method based on deformable blocks for fracture

Yongchang CAI, Hehua ZHU, Xiaoying ZHUANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 369-378 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0222-x

Abstract: In the framework of finite element meshes, a novel continuous/discontinuous deformation analysis (CDDA) method is proposed in this paper for modeling of crack problems. In the present CDDA, simple polynomial interpolations are defined at the deformable block elements, and a link element is employed to connect the adjacent block elements. The CDDA is particularly suitable for modeling the fracture propagation because the switch from continuous deformation analysis to discontinuous deformation analysis is natural and convenient without additional procedures. The SIFs (stress intensity factors) for various types of cracks, such as kinked cracks or curved cracks, can be easily computed in the CDDA by using the virtual crack extension technique (VCET). Both the formulation and implementation of the VCET in CDDA are simple and straightforward. Numerical examples indicate that the present CDDA can obtain high accuracy in SIF results with simple polynomial interpolations and insensitive to mesh sizes, and can automatically simulate the crack propagation without degrading accuracy.

Keywords： fracture     crack     propagation     deformable block     continuous/discontinuous deformation analysis (CDDA)    

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Solution properties and self-association of multi-blocks like copolymer P(AM/AA) prepared by template

ZHANG Yuxi, WU Feipeng, LI Miaozhen, WANG Erjian

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 68-71 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0014-8

Abstract: The association and properties of multi-block like copolymers (TP) of acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) prepared by template copolymerization in aqueous solution were studied. The results showed that the copolymers of this type exhibited a significant structure effect compared with that of similar random copolymers (CP) obtained by copolymerization in the absence of template. Decreasing the value of pH or adding Ca ion to the copolymer solution will make phase separation occur. The TEM images demonstrated that the phase separation caused by Ca ion was due to the formation of extensively intermolecular cross-linking. With the increase of the pH value of copolymer solution, the changes of the solution viscosity was similar with that of homopolyacrylic acid, which originally increased and then decreased. But the increase range of template copolymer was higher than that of homopolyacrylic acid. TEM images indicated that at the maximal viscosity the copolymer obtained in the presence of template formed coiled aggregates.

Keywords： aqueous solution     homopolyacrylic     copolymer solution     significant structure     presence    

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Strengthening Project Management to Attain Overseas Blocks with High Potential for Exploration

Shu-lin Zhang

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2016, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 331-337 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016058

Abstract: oil companies, whose credibility directly determine the degree of success of exploration for overseas blocks.

Keywords： new overseas venture evaluation     exploration     project management     quality management     assessing system    

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Molecular dynamics study of water diffusion in an amphiphilic block copolymer with large difference in the blocks

Yang Zhou, Phillip Choi

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 440-447 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1626-2

Abstract: Isothermal-isobaric molecular dynamics simulation was used to study the diffusion mechanism of water in polyurethane- -poly( -isopropyl acrylamide) (PU- -PNIPAm) with a hydrophobic PU/hydrophilic PNIPAm mass ratio of 1.4 to 1 at 298 K and 450 K. Here, the experimental glass transition temperature ( ) of PU is 243 K while that of PNIPAm is 383 K. Different amounts of water up to 15 wt-% were added to PU- -PNIPAm. We were able to reproduce the specific volumes and glass transition temperatures (250 K and 390 K) of PU- -PNIPAm. The computed self-diffusion coefficient of water increased exponentially with increasing water concentration at both temperatures (i.e., following the free volume model of Fujita). It suggested that water diffusion in PU- -PNIPAm depends only on its fractional free volume despite the free volume inhomogeneity. It is noted that at 298 K, PU is rubbery while PNIPAm is glassy. Regardless of temperature, radial distribution functions showed that water formed clusters with sizes in the range of 0.2–0.4 nm in PU- -PNIPAm. At low water concentrations, more clusters were found in the PU domain but at high water concentrations, more in the PNIPAm domain. It is believed that water molecules diffuse as clusters rather than as individual molecules.

Keywords： molecular dynamics simulation     amphiphilic block copolymer     free volume     water diffusivity     fujita model    

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Mechanisms of connective tissue formation and blocks of mitogen activated protein kinase

Irina A SHURYGINA, Michael G SHURYGIN, Nataliya I AYUSHINOVA, Galina B GRANINA, Nikolay V ZELENIN

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 232-237 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1286-1

Abstract: Ninety male Wistar rats were selected under the “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” for skin-muscle wound models. Three groups of animals were examined respectively for inoculation of inhibitor of p38 MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase) SB 203580 and JNK inhibitor SP 600125, and a control. Light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and tensometry revealed that the inhibition of p38 or JNK cascades have modified the formation of the connective tissue scar. The degree of connective tissue growth in the area of surgical wound had been significantly reduced by the end of observation (30 d) as the SB 203580 was applied (% volume of collagen 43.60 (41.05 – 60.15) 73.54 (66.87 – 78.01) in control, = 0.002). Conversely, when we have applied the JNK blocker, the density of collagen in scar tissue increased (78.14 (72.77 – 81.14), = 0.022 control). SB203580 inhibits the expression of p38, c-Jun and c-Fos. When we have used the JNK blocker, the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun decreased, but the expression of p38 increased. This determines the high functional activity of fibroblasts after using SP 600125. Obtained results show the importance of studying regulators of cell differentiation as potential drugs, which significantly affect the outcome of the pathological processes.

Keywords： connective tissue     mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)     p38     JNK    

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The Ignition and the Forecast Model of Wood Blocks in a Bench-scale Flashover Apparatus

Ji Jingwei,Song Hu,Yang Lizhong,Fan Jicheng

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 7,   Pages 62-66

Abstract:

The ignition of both deal and fir blocks were tested with a bench-scale flashover test apparatus.the new approach was facile and available for the purpose of forecasting the ignition time of wood blocks

Keywords： flashover     wood     ignition    

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Reinforcement design of anchor blocks for external tendons

Hong Hao,Tong Yuqiang ,He Zhiqi,Liu Zhao

Strategic Study of CAE 2013, Volume 15, Issue 8,   Pages 95-98

Abstract:

Reinforced blocks are common anchorage forms for external tendons.Thus a quantitative reinforcement design method of anchor blocks was proposed.

Keywords： anchor block     external prestressing     reinforcement design     bursting force     cantilever action     tie-back    

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Parallel Authentication Modes Based on Double Blocks or Key Counter

Huang Yuhua,Huai Aiqun,Song Yubo

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 7,   Pages 70-74

Abstract: A parallel authentication mode (PKCB) based on double blocks was put forward in this paper.

Keywords： authentication mode     CBC - MAC mode     PMAC mode     CTR mode     CCM mode    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

human bioaccessibility of trace contaminants in size-fractionated red mud, derived precipitates and geopolymericblocks

Chunfeng Wang, Yanchen Zhu, Dan Yao, Guanfei Chen, Lianjun Wang

Journal Article

A continuous/discontinuous deformation analysis (CDDA) method based on deformable blocks for fracture

Yongchang CAI, Hehua ZHU, Xiaoying ZHUANG

Journal Article

Solution properties and self-association of multi-blocks like copolymer P(AM/AA) prepared by template

ZHANG Yuxi, WU Feipeng, LI Miaozhen, WANG Erjian

Journal Article

Strengthening Project Management to Attain Overseas Blocks with High Potential for Exploration

Shu-lin Zhang

Journal Article

Molecular dynamics study of water diffusion in an amphiphilic block copolymer with large difference in the blocks

Yang Zhou, Phillip Choi

Journal Article

Mechanisms of connective tissue formation and blocks of mitogen activated protein kinase

Irina A SHURYGINA, Michael G SHURYGIN, Nataliya I AYUSHINOVA, Galina B GRANINA, Nikolay V ZELENIN

Journal Article

The Ignition and the Forecast Model of Wood Blocks in a Bench-scale Flashover Apparatus

Ji Jingwei,Song Hu,Yang Lizhong,Fan Jicheng

Journal Article

Reinforcement design of anchor blocks for external tendons

Hong Hao,Tong Yuqiang ,He Zhiqi,Liu Zhao

Journal Article

Parallel Authentication Modes Based on Double Blocks or Key Counter

Huang Yuhua,Huai Aiqun,Song Yubo

Journal Article